Anaemia and Iron Deficiency While Menstruating: What You Need to Know

Menstruation is a natural process that many people experience, but for some, it can lead to iron deficiency or even anemia. If you've ever wondered, "Can lack of iron affect my periods?" or "How does anemia influence my menstrual cycle?"—this blog is here to provide clarity. We’ll explore the relationship between menstruation, anemia, and iron deficiency, offering practical advice on how to manage and prevent these conditions.

What Is Anaemia?

Anaemia is a condition where your body doesn't have enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen to your tissues. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that’s rich in iron and helps transport oxygen. When your body lacks enough iron, it can't make enough healthy red blood cells, leading to anemia.

According to the NHS, iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common types of anemia, especially in people who menstruate, due to the loss of blood during periods.

How Do You Know If You're Iron Deficient?

Iron deficiency can sneak up on you, as early symptoms might be mild or confused with other issues. If you’re iron deficient, your body doesn’t have enough iron to make hemoglobin, which results in lower oxygen levels in your blood. Signs that you might be iron deficient include:

• Fatigue: Constant tiredness is one of the most common symptoms of iron deficiency.
• Pale skin: If you’re looking paler than usual, especially in your face and the inside of your lower eyelids, it could indicate a lack of iron.
• Shortness of breath: Feeling out of breath even during simple tasks may be linked to low hemoglobin levels.
• Weakness: You might feel physically weak, with less strength or energy than usual.
• Cold hands and feet: Poor circulation due to anemia can cause your extremities to feel cold more often.
• Brittle nails: Iron deficiency can also affect your hair and nails, making them more fragile.

If you notice any of these signs, it’s essential to speak with a healthcare provider to get a diagnosis and start treatment if necessary. Cleveland Clinic provides more detailed information on recognising the signs of iron deficiency.

How Does Menstruation Contribute to Iron Deficiency?

Menstruation is one of the leading causes of iron deficiency, particularly if your periods are heavy. Each time you menstruate, you lose blood, and with that blood, you lose iron. For people with heavy periods (also known as menorrhagia), the amount of iron lost can be significant.

Heavy periods can cause a loss of 30-40 milligrams of iron per cycle, according to the Mayo Clinic. Over time, this can deplete your body’s iron stores and result in iron deficiency anemia.

Symptoms of Anemia and Iron Deficiency During Menstruation

When anemia is caused by menstruation, you might experience additional symptoms related to your period. Symptoms can include:

• Heavier than usual periods: Paradoxically, anemia can lead to more prolonged or heavier periods.
• Irregular periods: Low iron levels can sometimes cause changes in your menstrual cycle, making your periods less predictable.
• Increased cramping: You may notice more intense cramps during your period if you’re anemic.

Anemia not only affects your day-to-day energy but can also exacerbate menstruation symptoms, making your periods feel even more draining.

How to Get a Diagnosis of Anaemia

If you suspect that you’re iron deficient or anemic, the first step is to visit your healthcare provider. They will likely recommend a blood test to measure your iron levels, hemoglobin, and other important indicators. This blood work can determine if you have iron deficiency anemia.

Tests often include:

• Complete blood count (CBC): Measures your red blood cells and hemoglobin levels.
• Serum ferritin test: Shows how much iron is stored in your body.
• Serum iron test: Measures the actual amount of iron in your blood.

Once you’ve been diagnosed, your doctor will help you figure out the best treatment plan.

Does Iron Deficiency Affect Period Flow and Duration?

Iron deficiency can indeed impact your menstrual cycle. Many people wonder, "Does anemia affect period flow?" Here’s how:

• Heavier periods: Iron deficiency can contribute to heavier and longer periods, which in turn leads to further iron loss, creating a cycle that exacerbates the anemia.
• Irregular periods: Low iron levels can sometimes cause missed or irregular periods, as your body doesn’t have the resources to maintain regular ovulation and menstruation.
• Increased fatigue during periods: Iron deficiency can make you feel more tired during menstruation, as your body is already working hard to replenish the blood lost each cycle.

If you notice that your periods are becoming heavier or less regular and you’re also experiencing other symptoms of anemia, it’s a good idea to seek medical advice. The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists offers more insight into how heavy periods can contribute to anemia.

Management and Prevention Tips for Anaemia and Iron Deficiency

If you’re diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia, managing your condition and preventing it from worsening is essential. Here are some strategies:

Increase Iron-Rich Foods in Your Diet

Including iron-rich foods in your diet is a simple way to boost your iron levels naturally. Some of the best plant-based sources of iron include:

• Leafy greens (spinach, kale)
• Lentils and beans
• Tofu
• Fortified cereals
• Quinoa

You can read more about iron-rich foods on the British Dietetic Association (BDA) website.

Pair Iron with Vitamin C

Vitamin C can help your body absorb iron more efficiently. Try to eat foods high in vitamin C, like oranges, strawberries, and bell peppers, alongside your iron-rich meals.

Take Iron Supplements

In some cases, your healthcare provider may recommend iron supplements. Be sure to follow the prescribed dosage to avoid side effects like constipation. WebMD offers more details on iron supplements and their use.

Address Heavy Periods

If heavy periods are causing significant blood loss, your doctor might suggest treatments like:

• Hormonal birth control, which can regulate your cycle and reduce period flow.
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like ibuprofen, which can help with cramping and reduce blood loss.
• For more information on managing heavy periods, check out the NHS guide to menorrhagia.

 If you have heavy periods, finding a comfortable and reliable solution is important. Period underwear is a great choice. They’re super absorbent, leak-proof, and reusable—perfect for handling heavy flow days.

Unlike regular pads or tampons, period pants can hold more fluid, so you won’t have to worry about leaks. They’re also eco-friendly, which means you’re helping the planet while staying comfy. Check out Fluxies period underwear collection for a stylish and stress-free way to manage your period!

Monitor Your Symptoms

Keep track of your symptoms and how you’re feeling throughout your cycle. Apps like Clue or Flo can help you monitor your period flow, fatigue, and other symptoms. If you notice your symptoms worsening, contact your healthcare provider.

When to Seek Medical Advice

It’s crucial to seek medical attention if:

• Your periods are extremely heavy, requiring you to change pads or tampons every hour.
• You experience severe fatigue, weakness, or shortness of breath.
• You notice that your period has become irregular or that you’re missing periods.

Anemia caused by menstruation is manageable, but if left untreated, it can lead to complications. If you’re concerned about your symptoms, visit your doctor for an evaluation. For more details, visit the Mayo Clinic’s anemia resources.

Anaemia and iron deficiency are common issues for people who menstruate, particularly if they experience heavy periods. Understanding the symptoms and getting the right diagnosis is the first step to managing these conditions effectively. By adjusting your diet, taking supplements, and monitoring your period flow, you can help prevent iron deficiency and ensure your body has the resources it needs during menstruation.

For more information and resources, check out NHS Iron Deficiency Anemia.